');--grs:50px;--gtaos:105px;--gtaosi:-105px;--gtaof:210px;--gbes:calc(100% + 105px);--gbef:calc(100% + 210px);--gbet:translateX(-105px);--gbeti:translateX(105px);--vgc:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc1:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc2:repeat(6, 1fr);--gc3:repeat(4, 1fr);--gc3h:1/4;--gc4:repeat(3, 1fr);--gcm:8.333%;--gac:1fr;--gcw50:50%;--gc2tp:0 calc(var(--grs) * 2) 0 0;--gc2sw:var(--gbes);--gc2slpl:0 0 0 105px;--gc2srpf:0 105px 0 0;--gc2sof:1;--gc2sol:2;--gc50:4/span 6;--gc48a:1/5;--gc48b:5/-1;--gc84a:1/9;--gc84b:9/-1;--gc39a:1/4;--gc39b:4/-1;--gc93a:1/10;--gc93b:10/-1;--gc615a:1/7;--gc615b:8/-1;--gc516a:1/6;--gc516b:7/-1;--tppr:0;--bgp:42px;--s_cn:0;--s_ces:4px;--s_cest:4px 4px 0 0;--s_cesb:0 0 4px 4px;--s_cs:8px;--s_cm:12px;--s_cl:16px;--s_cls:16px 0 0 16px;--s_cle:0 16px 16px 0;--s_clt:16px 16px 0 0;--s_cel:28px;--s_celt:28px 28px 0 0;--s_cf:50%;--m_ds1:50ms;--m_ds2:100ms;--m_ds3:150ms;--m_ds4:200ms;--m_dm1:250ms;--m_dm2:300ms;--m_dm3:350ms;--m_dm4:400ms;--m_dl1:450ms;--m_dl2:500ms;--m_dl3:550ms;--m_dl4:600ms;--m_de1:700ms;--m_de2:800ms;--m_de3:900ms;--m_de4:1000ms;--m_el:0,0,1,1;--m_es:0.2,0,0,1;--m_esa:0.3,0,1,1;--m_esd:0,0,0,1;--m_ee:0.2,0,0,1;--m_eea:0.3,0,0.8,0.15;--m_eed:0.05,0.7,0.1,1;--m_elg:0.4,0,0.2,1;--m_elga:0.4,0,1,1;--m_elgd:0,0,0.2,1;--cc_w:255,255,255;--cc_b:0,0,0;--c_p:1,31,48;--c_op:255,255,255;--c_pc:203,230,253;--c_opc:1,31,48;--c_s:67,81,200;--c_os:255,255,255;--c_sc:223,224,255;--c_osc:0,9,101;--c_t:83,97,98;--c_ot:255,255,255;--c_tc:215,229,230;--c_otc:17,30,31;--c_e:179,38,30;--c_oe:255,255,255;--c_ec:249,222,220;--c_oec:65,14,11;--c_co:109,123,124;--c_b:255,255,255;--c_ob:17,30,32;--c_su:249,249,249;--c_osu:17,30,32;--c_suv:215,229,230;--c_osuv:60,73,74;--c_is:38,51,53;--c_iso:239,241,242;--c_ip:175,202,224;--c_sh:0,0,0;--c_st:1,31,48;--c_cov:187,201,202;--c_scr:0,0,0;--c_suchs:225,234,236;--c_such:231,239,241;--c_suc:245,245,245;--c_sucl:249,249,249;--c_scls:255,255,255;--c_sub:249,249,249;--c_sud:209,220,222}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar,:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-corner{background:0 0;width:9pt;height:9pt}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:content-box rgb(var(--c_cov));border:2px solid transparent;border-radius:8px;color:rgb(var(--c_cov));min-height:3pc;min-width:3pc}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-button{height:0;width:0}body,frameset{padding:0;margin:0;color:rgb(var(--c_ob));background:rgb(var(--c_b));font-family:var(--t_bmf);font-size:var(--t_bms);line-height:var(--t_bmlh);font-weight:var(--t_bmw);letter-spacing:var(--t_bmt)}body{--space_nav_top:0px;--space_nav_bottom:0px;--space_nav_left:0px;--space_nav_right:0px;--DCV:0px;--C_S:visible;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:var(--C_S)}footer,header{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}score-pointer{z-index:11000}addium-header .main *,addium-menu-footer p,addium-menu-footer p *,score-text 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210px);--gbet:translateX(-105px);--gbeti:translateX(105px);--vgc:repeat(4, 1fr);--gc1:1fr;--gc2:1fr;--gc3:1fr;--gc3h:1/-1;--gc4:1fr 1fr;--gc5:1fr;--gcm:8.333%;--gac:auto;--gcw50:100%;--gc2tp:0;--gc2sw:100%;--gc2slpl:calc(var(--grs) / 2) 0;--gc2srpf:calc(var(--grs) / 2) 0;--gc2sof:2;--gc2sol:1;--gc50:1/-1;--gc48a:1/-1;--gc48b:1/-1;--gc84a:1/-1;--gc84b:1/-1;--gc39a:1/-1;--gc39b:1/-1;--gc93a:1/-1;--gc93b:1/-1;--gc615a:1/-1;--gc615b:1/-1;--gc516a:1/-1;--gc516b:1/-1;--bgp:18px}main{width:100%}addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-5,score-banner-element section p,score-dialog-element fieldset,score-dialog-element section p,score-input-container.col-1 score-input,score-input-container.col-2 score-input,score-input-container.col-3 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var(--hmm));--h1mw:725px;view-transition-name:header;display:grid;grid-template-columns:var(--vgc);grid-column:1/-1;width:100%}addium-header.inverted,addium-header[type="0"],score-text.inverted{--cc_w:255,255,255;--cc_b:0,0,0;--c_p:223,224,255;--c_op:24,51,69;--c_pc:48,74,92;--c_opc:203,230,253;--c_s:189,194,255;--c_os:5,23,154;--c_sc:40,54,175;--c_osc:223,224,255;--c_t:187,201,202;--c_ot:38,51,52;--c_tc:60,73,74;--c_otc:215,229,230;--c_e:242,184,181;--c_oe:96,20,16;--c_ec:140,29,24;--c_oec:249,222,220;--c_co:133,147,148;--c_b:0,0,0;--c_ob:219,228,230;--c_su:8,21,24;--c_osu:219,228,230;--c_suv:60,73,74;--c_osuv:187,201,202;--c_is:219,228,230;--c_iso:38,51,53;--c_ip:72,97,117;--c_sh:0,0,0;--c_st:223,224,255;--c_cov:60,73,74;--c_scr:0,0,0;--c_suchs:42,55,57;--c_such:31,44,47;--c_suc:21,34,36;--c_sucl:17,30,32;--c_scls:4,16,18;--c_sub:46,59,62;--c_sud:8,21,24;--CD:var(--c_osu);--CD_variant:var(--c_osuv)}addium-header score-form{width:auto;max-width:450px;padding:28px 0!important}addium-header score-form score-input input{--cw:0!important}addium-header score-form[type="0"] .DLW,addium-header score-form[type="1"] .DLW,addium-header score-form[type="2"] .DLW,addium-header score-form[type="3"] .DLW,score-text td p,score-text th p{margin:0!important}addium-header score-form[type="6"],addium-header score-form[type="7"]{max-width:350px}addium-header[type="0"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="0"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="0"] figure,addium-header[type="1"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"] figure,addium-header[type="2"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="2"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="2"] figure,addium-header[type="3"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="3"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="3"] figure,score-teaser.IK .score_media_element{z-index:0}addium-header[type="0"] .main,addium-header[type="1"] .main,addium-header[type="2"] .main,addium-header[type="3"] .main{z-index:1;flex-direction:column}addium-header[type="0"] .main h1,addium-header[type="1"] .main h1,addium-header[type="2"] .main h1,addium-header[type="3"] .main h1{font-family:var(--t_dmf);font-size:var(--t_dms);line-height:var(--t_dmlh);font-weight:var(--t_dmw);letter-spacing:var(--t_dmt);max-width:var(--h1mw)}addium-header[type="0"],addium-header[type="1"]{grid-template-rows:repeat(6,1fr);margin:var(--hm) 0 0 var(--hm);width:var(--hw)}addium-header[type="0"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="0"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="0"] figure,addium-header[type="1"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"] figure{grid-area:1/1/-1/-1;margin:0;width:100%}addium-header[type="0"] .main,addium-header[type="1"] .main{display:block;grid-column:1/-1;padding:var(--hp)}addium-header[type="0"] .main{grid-row:3/-1;width:var(--hmw);margin:0 var(--hmm)}addium-header[type="1"]{width:100%;height:calc(-92px + 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6;padding:0!important}addium-header[type="2"]+score-video-external{margin:-9pt;width:calc(100% + 24px);grid-column:1/-1}addium-header[type="3"] .main{grid-column:1/7;height:min-content;align-self:center;margin:0 6px;width:calc(100% - 12px)}addium-header[type="3"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="3"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="3"] figure{grid-column:7/-1}:root{--sv:visible;--tti:translate(0, 0);--ttc:translate(-50%, -50%);--ttcx:translate(-50%, 0);--ttcy:translate(0, -50%);--ttvx:translateX(-50vw);--ttl:translate(-100%, 0);--ttr:translate(100%, 0);--ttt:translate(0, -100%);--ttb:translate(0, 100%);--tra:rotate(45deg);--trb:rotate(-45deg);--trc:rotate(90deg);--trd:rotate(-90deg);--tsa:scaleX(0);--tsb:scaleX(1);--tsc:scaleY(0);--tsd:scaleY(1);--bxa:0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12),0 4px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14);--ba:1px solid var(--cb);--bb:1px solid var(--cw);--bc:1px solid var(--cg1);--bd:1px solid var(--cg2);--be:1px solid 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Newer DVS (Dynamic Vapor Sorption) methods are fast – but expensive and less data-driven. Old-school isotherm creation requires acres of desiccators and months of manual data collection. AQUALAB VSA delivers both DVS isotherms and truly dynamic high-resolution DDI isotherm curves – with hundreds of points, instead of just five or six. All within 48 hours. Solve problems like caking and clumping, matching the excipient to the API, and choosing the correct packaging.
The VSA’s groundbreaking design uses a fast water activity sensor combined with a very precise scale to create isotherm graphs dynamically. It passes humidified air over samples and measures both weight and water activity simultaneously. It then creates sorption and desorption isotherm curves with hundreds of points, instead of just five or six. And it does so in only a couple of days (approximately 48 hours), instead of a couple of months.
Double the insight
While average instruments only use the DVS method, the VSA delivers DVS isotherms plus patented DDI isotherm curves. DDI curves make never-before-seen details visible in your product and allow more precise formulation, more accurate predictions, and more complete product knowledge.
Moisture Analysis Toolkit
The VSA comes with intuitive, full-featured modeling software. The Moisture Analysis Toolkit helps you turn your data into solutions using research-tested predictive models. It's every model you need in one place, in a simple-to-use program.
Quick ROI
Sending materials to third-party labs for isotherm analysis or shelf life testing is far from economical. Save money and shorten R&D timelines by doing in-depth analysis in-house.
Glove-friendly buttons
Skip the finicky, unresponsive touch screens. VSA’s tactile and durable buttons make it easy to manage and start tests, even while wearing gloves or other PPE.
In the lead for 40 years
Since our founding in 1983, we’ve stayed laser-focused on moisture management science – and built the industry’s largest body of expertise on the topic.
Highly secure
Connect and sync if you need to. Stay offline and locked down if you don’t. Aqualab devices can sync data to any smart device – without being hamstrung if policies prohibit connectivity.
Water activity (aw) is directly related to the microbial susceptibility of food products and is correlated with many of the reactions that end shelf life in foods. Learn why water activity measurements in food are so powerful.
There are countless humectants on the market, and many ways to use them profitably — but which one is right for you, and how should you put it to work?
Understanding and eliminating waste is a powerful way to boost profits – but where to start? We recommend exploring these seven common methods for waste reduction.
These seven steps (and several examples) will help you figure out the exact packaging your product needs for maximum quality and profit.
Quality, safety, stability, microbial growth and more – water activity affects so many facets of shelf life. We've assembled everything you need to know about how to make the most of it.
For a cheap ingredient, water can cause a lot of expensive problems in the food industry. The best way to understand water in your product is by learning about water activity (aw).
Caking and clumping are ubiquitous in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Where there is free-flowing powder, there will usually be lumps and clumps.