');--grs:50px;--gtaos:105px;--gtaosi:-105px;--gtaof:210px;--gbes:calc(100% + 105px);--gbef:calc(100% + 210px);--gbet:translateX(-105px);--gbeti:translateX(105px);--vgc:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc1:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc2:repeat(6, 1fr);--gc3:repeat(4, 1fr);--gc3h:1/4;--gc4:repeat(3, 1fr);--gcm:8.333%;--gac:1fr;--gcw50:50%;--gc2tp:0 calc(var(--grs) * 2) 0 0;--gc2sw:var(--gbes);--gc2slpl:0 0 0 105px;--gc2srpf:0 105px 0 0;--gc2sof:1;--gc2sol:2;--gc50:4/span 6;--gc48a:1/5;--gc48b:5/-1;--gc84a:1/9;--gc84b:9/-1;--gc39a:1/4;--gc39b:4/-1;--gc93a:1/10;--gc93b:10/-1;--gc615a:1/7;--gc615b:8/-1;--gc516a:1/6;--gc516b:7/-1;--tppr:0;--bgp:42px;--s_cn:0;--s_ces:4px;--s_cest:4px 4px 0 0;--s_cesb:0 0 4px 4px;--s_cs:8px;--s_cm:12px;--s_cl:16px;--s_cls:16px 0 0 16px;--s_cle:0 16px 16px 0;--s_clt:16px 16px 0 0;--s_cel:28px;--s_celt:28px 28px 0 0;--s_cf:50%;--m_ds1:50ms;--m_ds2:100ms;--m_ds3:150ms;--m_ds4:200ms;--m_dm1:250ms;--m_dm2:300ms;--m_dm3:350ms;--m_dm4:400ms;--m_dl1:450ms;--m_dl2:500ms;--m_dl3:550ms;--m_dl4:600ms;--m_de1:700ms;--m_de2:800ms;--m_de3:900ms;--m_de4:1000ms;--m_el:0,0,1,1;--m_es:0.2,0,0,1;--m_esa:0.3,0,1,1;--m_esd:0,0,0,1;--m_ee:0.2,0,0,1;--m_eea:0.3,0,0.8,0.15;--m_eed:0.05,0.7,0.1,1;--m_elg:0.4,0,0.2,1;--m_elga:0.4,0,1,1;--m_elgd:0,0,0.2,1;--cc_w:255,255,255;--cc_b:0,0,0;--c_p:1,31,48;--c_op:255,255,255;--c_pc:203,230,253;--c_opc:1,31,48;--c_s:67,81,200;--c_os:255,255,255;--c_sc:223,224,255;--c_osc:0,9,101;--c_t:83,97,98;--c_ot:255,255,255;--c_tc:215,229,230;--c_otc:17,30,31;--c_e:179,38,30;--c_oe:255,255,255;--c_ec:249,222,220;--c_oec:65,14,11;--c_co:109,123,124;--c_b:255,255,255;--c_ob:17,30,32;--c_su:249,249,249;--c_osu:17,30,32;--c_suv:215,229,230;--c_osuv:60,73,74;--c_is:38,51,53;--c_iso:239,241,242;--c_ip:175,202,224;--c_sh:0,0,0;--c_st:1,31,48;--c_cov:187,201,202;--c_scr:0,0,0;--c_suchs:225,234,236;--c_such:231,239,241;--c_suc:245,245,245;--c_sucl:249,249,249;--c_scls:255,255,255;--c_sub:249,249,249;--c_sud:209,220,222}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar,:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-corner{background:0 0;width:9pt;height:9pt}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:content-box rgb(var(--c_cov));border:2px solid transparent;border-radius:8px;color:rgb(var(--c_cov));min-height:3pc;min-width:3pc}:root ::-webkit-scrollbar-button{height:0;width:0}body,frameset{padding:0;margin:0;color:rgb(var(--c_ob));background:rgb(var(--c_b));font-family:var(--t_bmf);font-size:var(--t_bms);line-height:var(--t_bmlh);font-weight:var(--t_bmw);letter-spacing:var(--t_bmt)}body{--space_nav_top:0px;--space_nav_bottom:0px;--space_nav_left:0px;--space_nav_right:0px;--DAB:0px;--CXZ:visible;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:var(--CXZ)}footer,header{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}score-pointer{z-index:11000}addium-header .main *,addium-menu-footer p,addium-menu-footer p *,score-text *{-webkit-user-select:text!important;-moz-user-select:text!important;user-select:text!important}:root{--t_dlf:var(--t_tb);--t_dllh:68px;--t_dls:63px;--t_dlt:-0.5px;--t_dlw:400;--t_dmf:var(--t_tb);--t_dmlh:42px;--t_dms:35px;--t_dmt:0.25px;--t_dmw:400;--t_hlf:var(--t_tp);--t_hllh:42px;--t_hls:35px;--t_hlt:0.25px;--t_hlw:400;--t_hmf:var(--t_tp);--t_hmlh:27px;--t_hms:21px;--t_hmt:0.25px;--t_hmw:400;--t_tlf:var(--t_tm);--t_tllh:24px;--t_tls:16px;--t_tlt:0.15px;--t_tlw:500;--t_tmf:var(--t_tm);--t_tmlh:normal;--t_tms:13px;--t_tmt:0.45px;--t_tmw:500;--t_llf:var(--t_tp);--t_lllh:16px;--t_lls:12px;--t_llt:0.5px;--t_llw:500;--t_lmf:var(--t_tp);--t_lmlh:16px;--t_lms:11px;--t_lmt:0.5px;--t_lmw:500;--t_blf:var(--t_tp);--t_bllh:30px;--t_bls:21px;--t_blt:0.1px;--t_blw:400;--t_bmf:var(--t_tp);--t_bmlh:24px;--t_bms:17px;--t_bmt:0.1px;--t_bmw:400;--grs:50px;--gtaos:105px;--gtaosi:-105px;--gtaof:210px;--gbes:calc(100% + 105px);--gbef:calc(100% + 210px);--gbet:translateX(-105px);--gbeti:translateX(105px);--vgc:repeat(4, 1fr);--gc1:1fr;--gc2:1fr;--gc3:1fr;--gc3h:1/-1;--gc4:1fr 1fr;--gc5:1fr;--gcm:8.333%;--gac:auto;--gcw50:100%;--gc2tp:0;--gc2sw:100%;--gc2slpl:calc(var(--grs) / 2) 0;--gc2srpf:calc(var(--grs) / 2) 0;--gc2sof:2;--gc2sol:1;--gc50:1/-1;--gc48a:1/-1;--gc48b:1/-1;--gc84a:1/-1;--gc84b:1/-1;--gc39a:1/-1;--gc39b:1/-1;--gc93a:1/-1;--gc93b:1/-1;--gc615a:1/-1;--gc615b:1/-1;--gc516a:1/-1;--gc516b:1/-1;--bgp:18px}main{width:100%}addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="0"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="1"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="2"] score-input-container.col-5,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-1,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-2,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-3,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-4,addium-header score-form[type="3"] score-input-container.col-5,score-banner-element section p,score-dialog-element fieldset,score-dialog-element section p,score-input-container.col-1 score-input,score-input-container.col-2 score-input,score-input-container.col-3 score-input,score-input-container.col-4 score-input,score-input-container.col-5 score-input,score-input.DJE input,score-input.DJF input,score-input.DJG input,score-input.DJH input,score-input.DJL input,score-input.DJM input,score-install section p,score-loader section p,score-push-notification section p,score-sidesheet-drawer section p{margin:0}addium-header score-form label,score-input.hidden,score-select.hidden,score-textarea.hidden{display:none!important}addium-header[type="0"] figure,addium-header[type="1"] figure,score-form[type="6"],score-form[type="7"]{padding:0}addium-header{--hm:-54px;--hp:6px;--hw:calc(100% + 108px);--hmm:108px;--hmw:calc(100% - var(--hmm));--h1mw:725px;view-transition-name:header;display:grid;grid-template-columns:var(--vgc);grid-column:1/-1;width:100%}addium-header.inverted,addium-header[type="0"],body.dark{--cc_w:255,255,255;--cc_b:0,0,0;--c_p:223,224,255;--c_op:24,51,69;--c_pc:48,74,92;--c_opc:203,230,253;--c_s:189,194,255;--c_os:5,23,154;--c_sc:40,54,175;--c_osc:223,224,255;--c_t:187,201,202;--c_ot:38,51,52;--c_tc:60,73,74;--c_otc:215,229,230;--c_e:242,184,181;--c_oe:96,20,16;--c_ec:140,29,24;--c_oec:249,222,220;--c_co:133,147,148;--c_b:0,0,0;--c_ob:219,228,230;--c_su:8,21,24;--c_osu:219,228,230;--c_suv:60,73,74;--c_osuv:187,201,202;--c_is:219,228,230;--c_iso:38,51,53;--c_ip:72,97,117;--c_sh:0,0,0;--c_st:223,224,255;--c_cov:60,73,74;--c_scr:0,0,0;--c_suchs:42,55,57;--c_such:31,44,47;--c_suc:21,34,36;--c_sucl:17,30,32;--c_scls:4,16,18;--c_sub:46,59,62;--c_sud:8,21,24}addium-header score-form{width:auto;max-width:450px;padding:28px 0!important}addium-header score-form score-input input{--cw:0!important}addium-header score-form[type="0"] .DJC,addium-header score-form[type="1"] .DJC,addium-header score-form[type="2"] .DJC,addium-header score-form[type="3"] .DJC,score-text td p,score-text th p{margin:0!important}addium-header score-form[type="6"],addium-header score-form[type="7"]{max-width:350px}addium-header[type="0"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="0"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="0"] figure,addium-header[type="1"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"] figure,addium-header[type="2"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="2"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="2"] figure,addium-header[type="3"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="3"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="3"] figure,score-teaser.GX .score_media_element{z-index:0}addium-header[type="0"] .main,addium-header[type="1"] .main,addium-header[type="2"] .main,addium-header[type="3"] .main{z-index:1;flex-direction:column}addium-header[type="0"] .main h1,addium-header[type="1"] .main h1,addium-header[type="2"] .main h1,addium-header[type="3"] .main h1{font-family:var(--t_dmf);font-size:var(--t_dms);line-height:var(--t_dmlh);font-weight:var(--t_dmw);letter-spacing:var(--t_dmt);max-width:var(--h1mw)}addium-header[type="0"],addium-header[type="1"]{grid-template-rows:repeat(6,1fr);margin:var(--hm) 0 0 var(--hm);width:var(--hw)}addium-header[type="0"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="0"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="0"] figure,addium-header[type="1"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"] figure{grid-area:1/1/-1/-1;margin:0;width:100%}addium-header[type="0"] .main,addium-header[type="1"] .main{display:block;grid-column:1/-1;padding:var(--hp)}addium-header[type="0"] .main{grid-row:3/-1;width:var(--hmw);margin:0 var(--hmm)}addium-header[type="1"]{width:100%;height:calc(-92px + 100vh);min-height:min-content;max-height:40pc;margin:0;padding:0}addium-header[type="1"] .main{grid-row:1/-1;align-self:center;padding:0 6px}addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"]>figure{left:50%}addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>.graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>.score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>canvas,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>figure,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>picture,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d>video,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>.graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>.score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>canvas,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>figure,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>picture,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element>video,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>.graphics3d,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>.score_media_element,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>canvas,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>figure,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>picture,addium-header[type="1"]>figure>video{width:100vw;transform:translateX(-50%)}addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d img,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d score-video,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d svg,addium-header[type="1"]>.graphics3d video,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element img,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element score-video,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element svg,addium-header[type="1"]>.score_media_element video,addium-header[type="1"]>figure img,addium-header[type="1"]>figure score-video,addium-header[type="1"]>figure svg,addium-header[type="1"]>figure video{object-fit:cover;height:calc(-92px + 100vh);max-height:40pc}addium-header[type="2"] .main,addium-header[type="3"] .main{display:block;grid-row:1/span 2}addium-header[type="2"] .main{margin:3pc 6px;width:calc(100% - 12px);grid-column:1/-1}addium-header[type="2"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="2"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="2"] figure{margin:0;width:calc(100% - 12px);display:block;grid-column:1/-1;grid-row-end:span 6;padding:0!important}addium-header[type="2"]+score-video-external{margin:-9pt;width:calc(100% + 24px);grid-column:1/-1}addium-header[type="3"] .main{grid-column:1/7;height:min-content;align-self:center;margin:0 6px;width:calc(100% - 12px)}addium-header[type="3"] .graphics3d,addium-header[type="3"] .score_media_element,addium-header[type="3"] figure{grid-column:7/-1}:root{--sv:visible;--tti:translate(0, 0);--ttc:translate(-50%, -50%);--ttcx:translate(-50%, 0);--ttcy:translate(0, -50%);--ttvx:translateX(-50vw);--ttl:translate(-100%, 0);--ttr:translate(100%, 0);--ttt:translate(0, -100%);--ttb:translate(0, 100%);--tra:rotate(45deg);--trb:rotate(-45deg);--trc:rotate(90deg);--trd:rotate(-90deg);--tsa:scaleX(0);--tsb:scaleX(1);--tsc:scaleY(0);--tsd:scaleY(1);--bxa:0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12),0 4px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14);--ba:1px solid var(--cb);--bb:1px solid var(--cw);--bc:1px solid var(--cg1);--bd:1px solid var(--cg2);--be:1px solid var(--cg4);--c_st0:0;--c_st1:0.05;--c_st2:0.08;--c_st3:0.11;--c_st4:0.12;--c_st5:0.15;--c_bs0:drop-shadow(0px 0px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 0px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 0px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--c_bs1:drop-shadow(0px 2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--c_bs2:drop-shadow(0px 3px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 3px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--c_bs3:drop-shadow(0px 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 6px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 1px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--c_bs4:drop-shadow(0px 5px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 8px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 3px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--c_bs5:drop-shadow(0px 7px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)) drop-shadow(0px 12px 17px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14)) drop-shadow(0px 5px 22px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12));--s_dec1:1;--s_dec2:1;--s_dc1:0.12;--s_dc2:0.38;--s_de:0;--s_ho:0.08;--s_fo:0.12;--s_po:0.12;--s_do:0.16;--s_scr:0.5;--g_l0:linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) 100%);--g_l1:linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 50%);--g_l2:linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.66) 0, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.33) 50%);--t_tb:AddiumSerif;--t_tp:AddiumSans;--t_tm:AddiumMono;--t_dlf:var(--t_tb);--t_dllh:136px;--t_dls:126px;--t_dlt:-1px;--t_dlw:400;--t_dmf:var(--t_tb);--t_dmlh:68px;--t_dms:63px;--t_dmt:-0.5px;--t_dmw:400;--t_dsf:var(--t_tb);--t_dslh:42px;--t_dss:35px;--t_dst:0.25px;--t_dsw:400;--t_hlf:var(--t_tp);--t_hllh:68px;--t_hls:63px;--t_hlt:-0.5px;--t_hlw:400;--t_hmf:var(--t_tp);--t_hmlh:42px;--t_hms:35px;--t_hmt:0.25px;--t_hmw:400;--t_hsf:var(--t_tp);--t_hslh:27px;--t_hss:21px;--t_hst:0.25px;--t_hsw:400;--t_tlf:var(--t_tm);--t_tllh:28px;--t_tls:22px;--t_tlt:0;--t_tlw:400;--t_tmf:var(--t_tm);--t_tmlh:24px;--t_tms:16px;--t_tmt:0.15px;--t_tmw:500;--t_tsf:var(--t_tm);--t_tslh:normal;--t_tss:13px;--t_tst:0.45px;--t_tsw:500;--t_llf:var(--t_tp);--t_lllh:20px;--t_lls:14px;--t_llt:0.1px;--t_llw:500;--t_lmf:var(--t_tp);--t_lmlh:16px;--t_lms:12px;--t_lmt:0.5px;--t_lmw:500;--t_lsf:var(--t_tp);--t_lslh:16px;--t_lss:11px;--t_lst:0.5px;--t_lsw:500;--t_blf:var(--t_tp);--t_bllh:34px;--t_bls:24px;--t_blt:0;--t_blw:400;--t_bmf:var(--t_tp);--t_bmlh:30px;--t_bms:21px;--t_bmt:0.1px;--t_bmw:400;--t_bsf:var(--t_tp);--t_bslh:24px;--t_bss:17px;--t_bst:0.1px;--t_bsw:400;--i_s1:svg-url('');--grs:50px;--gtaos:105px;--gtaosi:-105px;--gtaof:210px;--gbes:calc(100% + 105px);--gbef:calc(100% + 210px);--gbet:translateX(-105px);--gbeti:translateX(105px);--vgc:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc1:repeat(12, 1fr);--gc2:repeat(6, 1fr);--gc3:repeat(4, 1fr);--gc3h:1/4;--gc4:repeat(3, 1fr);--gcm:8.333%;--gac:1fr;--gcw50:50%;--gc2tp:0 calc(var(--grs) * 2) 0 0;--gc2sw:var(--gbes);--gc2slpl:0 0 0 105px;--gc2srpf:0 105px 0 0;--gc2sof:1;--gc2sol:2;--gc50:4/span 6;--gc48a:1/5;--gc48b:5/-1;--gc84a:1/9;--gc84b:9/-1;--gc39a:1/4;--gc39b:4/-1;--gc93a:1/10;--gc93b:10/-1;--gc615a:1/7;--gc615b:8/-1;--gc516a:1/6;--gc516b:7/-1;--tppr:0;--bgp:42px;--s_cn:0;--s_ces:4px;--s_cest:4px 4px 0 0;--s_cesb:0 0 4px 4px;--s_cs:8px;--s_cm:12px;--s_cl:16px;--s_cls:16px 0 0 16px;--s_cle:0 16px 16px 0;--s_clt:16px 16px 0 0;--s_cel:28px;--s_celt:28px 28px 0 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Most plastic resin looks dry, but looks can be deceiving. If plastic parts are injection-molded with resin that has too much moisture in it, problems can occur–problems like ugly-looking parts, or parts that are too brittle. Water activity is a more accurate way to monitor moisture in plastic resin, enabling manufacturers to avoid these problems. Why?
Usually, injection molders use loss-on-drying balances to check their products for moisture, but when a dry product is dried, the weight doesn’t change much. When we dried LEXAN™ resin for 4 hours at 100 ºC, here’s what happened:
The sample weight changed by only 7 mg or 0.1%. Water Activity (aw) is a different way of looking at sample moisture. It measures the relative humidity of a sample instead of how much water is in it. When we measured the water activity of the same lexan sample, we saw this:
The difference between the two Lexan samples is clear–the water activity changed by more than 60%.
Apply the extra power of water activity to a plastic resin sample using a simple process. First, take a water activity reading on the resin before drying. Then dry per the manufacturer’s specifications, and take a reading on the resin after drying. This gives a “target” water activity. For the next batch, simply take water activity readings on the resin every half hour or so. Once the “target” is reached, stop drying and start injection molding. Save time and also energy cost by not over-drying the resin.
It’s easy to use a water activity meter to measure moisture. Simply put 2-4 grams of sample in a sample cup, and close the sample chamber to get a reading in about 5 minutes. Operating the instrument doesn’t require any special training, reagents, sample preparation, or weighing.
Lightning-fast total moisture analysis to tighten process control and boost quality. Combine moisture content and water activity in one device.
Make detailed moisture maps to predict, understand, and control moisture’s effects. High-resolution moisture sorption isotherms for shelf life prediction.